FIRST SEMINAR – BASICS

• Paranasal sinus and skull base anatomy. Vascular anatomy: ICA, vertebral artery, IMA.
• Physiology of CSF and intracranial pressure - Physiopathology of meningoceles and encephaloceles. Lumbar drainage.
• Imaging for skull base disease – cranial nerves
• Interventional radiology
• Radiotherapy and skull base. Gammaknife. Proton beam therapy.
• Pituitary tumours biology
• Meningiomas
• Chondrosarcomas
• Chordomas
• Tumours of the sinonasal tract
• Navigation
• Anesthesia
• Postoperative care
• Technical prerequisite for surgery under endoscopic guidance. Equipment - instruments
• Classification of endoscopic approaches to the ventral skull base

SECOND SESSION
Orbit and optic nerve

• Anatomy of the orbit
• The role of the ophthalmologist
• Endoscopic orbital and trans-orbital surgery. Orbit and optic nerve decompression.

Cribriform plate - Transcribriform approach

• Approach to and through the frontal sinus. Management of frontal sinus.
• Transcribriform approach: Technique - Indications (meningioma, ethmoid adenocarcinoma, olfactory neuroblastoma) – Pitfalls – Complications.

Sellar and parasellar

• Treatment strategies for pituitary tumours: Surgical indications. Endoscopic technique for lesions limited to the sella
• Surgery for tumors with cavernous invasion: endoscopic cavernous sinus surgery

Planum

• Transplanar approach.
• Management of suprasellar pituitary adenomas
• Management of planum meningiomas
• Management of craniopharyngiomas

Clivus and transclival surgery

• Endoscopic transnasal approach to the posterior fossa

THIRD SESSION
Lateral corridors

• Medial maxillectomy – Trans maxillary approach to the infratemporal fossa – Transpterygoid approach
• Medial approach to Meckel's cave, to the petro-clival junction and petrous apex
• Approach to the nasopharynx and parapharyngeal space

Craniocervical junction

• Decompression of the craniocervical junction

Adjunctive procedures

• Complications in endoscopic skull base surgery. Management.
• Vascular complications.
• Techniques of dural plasty – Advanced reconstructive techniques with local, regional and free flaps

Endocrine complications

Strategy - case discussion

Management of chordomas

Management of chondrosarcomas

Management of meningiomas

Management of pituitary adenomas

Management of JNA

Management of bony lesions

Management of sinonasal tumours